Design of a Wideband Moon-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wearable Applications in Cellular Communication

This paper introduces the development of a novel moon-shaped microstrip antenna featuring a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) optimized for wearable technology applications. Aimed at addressing the critical need for compact yet efficient wireless communication solutions in wearable devices, this antenna design emphasizes a blend of aesthetic conformity and functional robustness. The proposed antenna, characterized by dimensions of a 34.04 mm width and a 40 mm height, operates across a broad frequency range with a resonant frequency cantered around 3.29 GHz; this makes it suitable for multiple wireless protocols, including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Employing a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed technique, the design achieves an enhanced bandwidth and superior impedance matching, evidenced by a reflection coefficient of -19.3 dB at the resonant frequency. The antenna operates optimally across a multi-frequency band, exhibiting significant promise at the 3.29 GHz frequency, making it well-suited for various communication standards, including but not limited to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and potential 5G applications. Simulation and experimental results underscore its robust performance in terms of impedance matching, showcasing a VSWR less than 2:1 and an impressive reflection coefficient (S11) value across the operational bandwidth.