Risks of Soil Biocontamination of the Russian Federation With the Introduction of a Dangerous Parasite, the Pale Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera Pallida

According to the classification of agroecological soil assessment, agrobiocenosis contamination with the pale potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida is irreversible (other than, for example, the potato tuber nematode Ditylenchus destructor biocontamination that is reversible), which once again underlines the importance of quarantine control. A very disturbing fact is the presence of this dangerous parasite in the countries of Europe and North America, although their agricultural technologies including plant protection are at a very high level. The spread of this cyst-forming nematode depends entirely on anthropogenic factors since the possibility of active spread of second instars is almost negligible (several tens of centimeters for the growing season). The worldwide nematode spreading from the historical South American gene center of origin of cultivated plants (where the origin is of the potato with which the nematode is co-evolutionarily associated) had a complex nature primarily determined by such a factor as centuries-old practice of selective improvement of potato varieties in Europe. The Institute of Plant Quarantine has developed a computer risk assessment system for the inspection of quarantined cargoes including potatoes, which makes it possible to organize the inspection of seed and commercial potatoes more effectively from the countries where the pale potato cyst nematode is recorded.