Common and Uncommon Mimics of Thoracic Malignancy on PET/CT: Part 2—Pearls and Pitfalls of Lung Parenchyma and Mediastinum

In the thorax, there are multiple benign entities that may demonstrate hypermetabolism of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) leading to false-positive interpretation. Part 2 of this article aims to provide an overview of some benign thoracic entities that may mimic malignancy on positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in the lung parenchyma and mediastinum. Clinical history, anatomical correlation, and imaging features can help in narrowing the differential diagnosis. This review is divided into two parts: part 1 covers the pleura and chest wall; part 2 will cover lung parenchyma and mediastinum.