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Trichoderma sp. has antifungal activity.In nature, Trichoderma is found in forest and agricultural soils or on woody substrates.Trichoderma was gained maximum attention as bio control agent due to the fact that it's effective against a huge number of soil-borne plant pathogenic funguses.There are two main methods on production of biopesticide that containing Trichoderma spp., either by solid state fermentation or by liquid state fermentation.Trichoderma sp., after being formulated as conidia mass, potentially could be used as biopesticide.This form of biopesticide will be produced by cell and spore propagation, until produce viable propagules and having high survival rate even after spread out on to the surface of target (leaf, plant etc.).This study was aimed to know the effectiveness of liquid Trichoderma spp.formulation as biopesticides against Phytophthora palmivora and Oncobasidium theobromae in Cocoa plants (Theobroma cocoa L.).The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design (CRD), by applying series of treatments consisting mix of extract of soybean (ES) and coconut water (CW).Tested treatments were: T0 (sterile distilled water 100% as control); T1 (100% ES); T2 (80% ES + 20% CW); T3 (60% ES + 40% CW); T4 (40% ES + 60% CW); T5 (20% ES + 80% CW); and T6 (100% CW).The results showed that the best treatment was T4 formula, which indicated by the highest number of spores density (9.76 × 10 8 ) during 48 hours incubation.Furthermore, this T4 formula treatment also gives the best effect as a biopesticide agent during application test in the cocoa pods.Biopesticides made from Trichoderma sp. are effective in controlling the pathogenic fungus Phytophthora palmivora that causes fruit rot and Oncobasidium theobromae that causes Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) disease in cocoa plants, and more consequently the biopesticides are more effective in controlling Oncobasidium theobromae disease.The application of Trichoderma and its propagules as a biological control method can help reduce the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in agriculture in the future.
Umrah et al. (Thu,) studied this question.