Improving the Optoelectronic Performance of ZnO/Perovskite Ultraviolet–Visible–Near Infrared Photodetectors Using Bulk Heterojunctions

Hybrid heterojunction photodetectors (PDs) have received widespread attention due to their excellent optoelectronic performance. This study investigated the combination of ZnO with organic–inorganic perovskites to develop a high-performance heterojunction hybrid PD. The developed PD showed optical responses of 0.70 and 0.86 A/W at 350 and 850 nm. The detectivity achieved values of 3.98 × 1011 and 4.92 × 1011 Jones, while the external quantum efficiency stood at 246.59 and 125.31%. In addition, the PD displays broad-band responsivity to illumination ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared light. Incorporating [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid (PCBM) into the perovskite film to form a bulk heterojunction further enhances the responsivity, detectivity, and photoconductivity gain. This enhancement is attributed to the improved separation of electron–hole pairs, resulting in optical responses of 3.55 and 3.94 A/W at 350 and 850 nm, respectively. Moreover, detectivity was measured with values of 3.64 × 1012 Jones and 4.04 × 1012 Jones, with external quantum efficiencies of 1258.88% and 574.82%.