Band-asymmetry-driven nonreciprocal electronic transport in a helimagnetic semimetal {α}-EuP₃

Chiral magnetic textures give rise to unconventional magnetotransport phenomena such as the topological Hall effect and nonreciprocal electronic transport. While the correspondence between real-space magnetic topology/symmetry and such transport phenomena has been well established, a microscopic understanding based on the spin-dependent band structure in momentum space remains elusive. Here we demonstrate how a chiral magnetic structure in real space introduces an asymmetry in the electronic band structure and triggers a nonreciprocal electronic transport in a centrosymmetric helimagnet {α}-EuP₃. The magnetic structure of {α}-EuP₃ is highly tunable by a magnetic field and closely coupled to its semi-metallic electronic band structure, enabling a systematic study across chiral and achiral magnetic phases on the correspondence between nonreciprocal transport and electronic band asymmetry. Our findings reveal how a microscopic change in the magnetic configuration of charge carriers can lead to nonreciprocal electronic transport, paving the way for designing chiral magnets with desirable properties.