Optimization of a MIMO Antenna using the API metaheuristic algorithm

Antenna technology has undergone significant advancements with the integration of innovative techniques such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and phased array systems. By utilizing multiple antennas for transmission and reception, MIMO enhances data rates, spectral efficiency, and overall system performance. Phased array antennas, on the other hand, introduce beamforming capabilities, allowing for dynamic control and steering of radio wave beams without physical movement. The goal of this work is to optimize the control of the antenna network (MIMO) from the perspective of directivity and secondary lobe reduction using the API (pachycondyla apicalis algorithm) metaheuristic algorithm. Specifically, the API algorithm will be employed to determine the optimal element spacing for an N=16 element linear array operating at the LTE frequency of 2.5 GHz, and phase shift Ψ=2.3 radians with the objective of achieving the best value of the inter element spacing. while minimizing the secondary lobes.