Formation of the basic logical activity “identification of cause-and-effect relationships in the study of phenomena and processes” in schoolchildren

The aim of the research is to substantiate the need to introduce an educational module aimed at developing the basic logical activity “identification of cause-and-effect relationships” into the school educational process from the perspective of personalized learning. The paper proposes the structure of the specified educational module and substantiates its compliance with the personalized learning model. The scientific novelty of the research lies in elaborating a technology for the consistent formation of the basic logical activity “identification of cause-and-effect relationships in the study of phenomena and processes” in schoolchildren from the perspective of personalized learning. As a result, it was determined that compliance with the key foundations of the personalized approach will contribute to the development of basic logical operations, such as the identification of cause-and-effect relationships, since conditions are created for motivating students, ensuring a clear understanding of the essence and necessity of performing specific activities, and also an opportunity for reflection is provided.