Novel C-band Firecone shaped patch antenna design with High Beamwidth and Gain

This paper explores a novel design of a microstrip patch antenna with a firecone-shaped design. The unique design has a wide beam width, high gain, and bandwidth efficiency. The main operating frequency range of this antenna is in the 5 to 5.8GHz, the optimal frequency is at 5.2GHz. A wide beamwidth of more than 100 degrees is achieved with a gain of 11 dBi given a patch of dimensions 53 x 54 mm. The antenna is designed and simulated using CST Studio Suite and fabricated on a dual substrate of Rogers RO4350B (ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> of 3.66 and thickness 0.786mm), and FR-4 (ε <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf> of 4.4 and thickness of 0.786mm). The main parameters considered during the analysis and simulations are gain, beam width, return loss, and S11 parameters. The fabricated antenna matches the designed simulation and has yielded optimal results.