Bangalore Coming Closer to It’s Satellite Town : Overview of Urban Sprawl in The City

Urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon is much evident in 21 st century. This widespread occurrence is mostly caused by infrastructure and economic growth followed by population expansion. Rapid urbanization with the changes in land use patterns has resulted in urban expansion that happens linearly in certain directions or radially around the city. The extent of urbanization, which is a global phenomenon mainly driven by population growth and large scale migration is referred as urban sprawl. Spatial metrics are used to quantify urban sprawl based on patch size, density, shapes etc. Spatial metrics quantified is computed on the entire built-up area of the city as metrics here is computed on the entire image and can be analyzed for any part of the city to be studied in details. The human induced urban heat island (UHI) is a well-known phenomenon in urban environment which is more evident in the cases of urban sprawl. City-heat interacts with rising summer temperatures and heat-waves, placing additional pressure on infrastructure. Landsat 8 dataset of 2014 and 2021 was used for the spatio-temporal analysis. This study focuses on summer season when UHI effect is apparent. Multiple ring buffer of 1 km radius was overlaid from the centre towards the periphery of the city to analyze the variations in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and sprawling pattern. It was found that the as we go away from the centre LST also increased that can be attributed to unplanned urbanization.