The feasibility of direct-drive, where the drivers are integrated in the (Switch) ASIC Serdes, is successfully demonstrated for both 112 GBaud NRZ and PAM4 (224 Gbps/λ) on a silicon photonic transmitter fabricated using FOWLP. Excellent TDEC and TDECQ performance was achieved even with conservative equalization.
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Li et al. (2024) studied this question.
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