Fucoxanthin inhibition mechanism of melanoma in cell models constructed from human malignant melanoma cells (A375) and keratinocytes cells (HaCaT)

Malignant melanoma incidence has been rising steadily in recent years, gravely endangering people's quality of life. One of several natural colors that have been demonstrated to have this potential is fucoxanthin (FX), a natural pigment made from brown algae. The FX has been shown to have anti-tumor properties. But there are still a lot of questions concerning its working effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FX on human malignant melanoma cells (A375) and keratinocytes (HaCaT) and evaluated the model and analyzed their apoptosis mechanisms. FX promoted intracellular reactive oxygen production, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, and DNA degradation. FX simultaneously regulated the MAPK signaling pathway, which is linked to both inflammation and apoptosis. Our lipidomics findings demonstrated that FX controls abnormalities in lipid metabolism and disturbs membrane architecture. These findings supported FX's ability to intervene melanoma growth, which could provide new information on FX functional foods.