Exhaustive Design and Statistical Analysis of HC-ARFs Based on Geometric Modeling

This paper establishes a widely applicable method for designing hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) model based on geometric principles, which is feasible under practical manufacturing conditions and is defined by concise equations. We define this problem as a combinatorial optimization issue under the constraints of mixed integer nonlinearity. We iteratively refine the solution space through multiple steps, culminating in an integrated algorithm for automated modeling computation and data extraction. Through exhaustive calculation of models under limited conditions, we obtained multiple rigid HC-ARFs with low confinement loss (CL), low bend loss, and relatively high birefringence. The minimum CL is 8.8 <tex-math notation="LaTeX">× 10⁻³</tex-math> dB/m. At bending radius of 5 cm, the lowest bend loss is 2.7 <tex-math notation="LaTeX">× 10⁻²</tex-math> dB/m, and the highest birefringence is 2.2 <tex-math notation="LaTeX">× 10⁻⁶</tex-math> . After statistical analysis, two key factors influencing single anti-resonance layer HC-ARF have been determined: the number and radius of the rings hold the primary importance, followed by the rings arrangement. Further study demonstrates that the proposed model design method can be applied to various optical fiber designs.