Extended-release versus oral buprenorphine as opioid maintenance treatment during pregnancy-maternal and neonatal outcomes

To get information on subcutaneous extended-release buprenorphine as opioid maintenance treatment during pregnancy, we compared it to orally administered buprenorphine and buprenorphine-naloxone treatments. We hypothesized that maternal and neonatal outcomes do not differ between the treatment groups. Study design In this population-based cohort study, 60 pregnant individuals receiving non-changed opioid maintenance treatment for opioid use disorder with a buprenorphine product from the time before conception to the time after delivery and their newborns were included. They were divided into three groups based on the pharmacotherapy with subcutaneous extended-release buprenorphine, sublingual buprenorphine, or buprenorphine-naloxone. Statistical analyses were conducted using Fischer's exact tests, ANOVA tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. All the statistical tests were two-tailed.