Prevalence and Severity of Metabolic Syndrome in COPD Patients - A Cross sectional Observational Study

Background: An adequate amount of environmental stimulation is the factor that causes COPD in a sensitive lung. In low- and middle-income nations, COPD is a silent killer. Metabolic syndrome is generally a cluster of five components: a high triglyceride level, high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high glucose level, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A notable correlation has been documented between the two conditions, and a substantial linkage between diminished lung function and metabolic syndrome is supported by both clinical and epidemiological evidence. Aim of the Study: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of metabolic syndrome in individuals with COPD. Materials and methods: In the Department of Respiratory Medicine, this prospective observational study was carried out. All the patients Diagnosed COPD as per GOLD Guidelines 2015 in Respiratory Medicine department at Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute from October 2016 to October 2017 were incorporated into the study. Prior to the study's sample size being met, all eligible participants were progressively selected by convenient sampling. Results: A total of 66 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 54.45 ± 9.32 in the study population. 51 (77.30%) participants were male and 15 (22.70%) were females. The mean FEV1 was 1.82 ± 0.7 in the study population. The mean FVC was 2.85 ± 0.94 and the mean FEV1/FVC was 0.62 ± 0.08 in the study population. Among the study population, 4 (6.06%) participants had metabolic syndrome. A marginally negative association was found between FEV1/FVC and waist circumference and was statistically significant (r value: -0.272, P value: 0.027). Conclusion: There was a 6% metabolic syndrome prevalence in COPD patients. Abdominal obesity showed statistically significant association with lower lung functions. In terms of pulmonary function metrics, there were no discernible differences between COPD patients with metabolic syndrome.