The one-eyed Elder woman stitches an ornament: Needles, needle cases, and women from the Iamal-Nenets region of Arctic Siberia

The Iamal-Nenets region of Siberia is one of many Arctic areas where women's sewing skills were and are crucial to daily existence. Our article explores archaeological needles and needle cases that were made and used by ancestors of the current Indigenous peoples of this region. We frame our examination of these materials through a discussion of women's sewing bags, which are a symbolic representation of every stitch made by a woman's hands in creating dwelling covers, bedding sets, storage bags, and every piece of clothing, all of which are crucial to the survival and well-being of her family. These particular bags are not merely containers for essential sewing supplies such as needles and needle cases. They embody layers of multigenerational skill, ancestral knowledge, and identity that are passed by women to their daughters, nieces, and granddaughters. We summarize archaeological needle and needle cases from Iamal to stitch together the meanings and importance of the materials both in the past and present. In doing so, we highlight and acknowledge the complex history of Indigenous women and their incredible sewing skills, which have allowed families to survive and flourish in the Siberian Arctic for hundreds of generations.