Physical-Chemical and Hydro-Gas-Dynamic Regulations of Cast Iron Refining in Ladles

The history of the development of the theory and technology of cast iron refining testifies to the constant search and improvement of methods and devices that ensure, when reagents are introduced into a completely filled ladle, in the best case, calm processing with maximum assimilation of reagents and, if possible, the simultaneous removal of impurities such as Si, P and S. The organization and scope of off-site processing of cast iron have changed significantly in recent years. This was determined, on the one hand, by a significant increase in the requirements for the quality of steel (in particular, in connection with the transition to continuous casting), by the difficulties that appear in the case of using scrap metal due to an increase in the content of harmful impurities in it, and on the other hand, the advantages " slag-free" or "low-slag" technology of converter melting when processing such cast iron.