A clickable embroidered triboelectric sensor for smart fabric

Textile-based human-machine interfaces need to seamlessly integrate electronics with conventional fabrics. Here, we present an embroidery-based device that transforms conventional fabric into a "clickable" button. The device is realized through the integration of dual triboelectric yarns using an embroidery pattern that enables a 3D structure. The design can be customized and optimized by adjusting the gaps between the triboelectric yarns for the needed triboelectric output and other performance metrics, such as consistent contact and separation for the clicking mechanism. Machine learning algorithms are used for signal identification of a diverse range of pressing and swiping gestures on the embroidered device.