Scientific approaches to determining transaction costs in the grain subsystem

The goal is to develop scientific approaches to assessing transaction costs in the grain sub-complex. Methods - monographic-when analyzing the theoretical aspects of identifying additional sources of costs, economic-statistical-to identify patterns of changes in the level of costs when carrying out transactions along the entire sales chain, abstract-logical – monitoring of operating costs and establishing criteria for the effectiveness of their management, expert – for collecting and evaluating data on costs and problem-oriented analysis of existing interactions in grain subcomplex between entities; conjunctural – for studying the development trend of grain subcomplex and account of external factors that determine the level of transaction costs, for a comprehensive assessment – when considering the indicators of the cost component of the market infrastructure in the interests of achieving measurement accuracy. Results - in the context of digital transformation, the scientific principles of institutional costs in the grain sector are justified. Conclusions - the main problems of grain farming, contributing to the growth of the component of the transactional output, were indicated, their classification was proposed for the possibility of formulating the specifics of the grain direction of the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. The structure is dominated by costs in the form of lost income, the financial condition of commodity producers depends on the supply, price, transaction costs, it is necessary to ensure their optimization. The scientific methodology can be used in the educational process, in the training of students, undergraduates and postgraduates. The practical significance of the study is to ensure the economic efficiency of production and commercial activities of economic entities of the grain sub-complex, planning, accounting, which contributes to increasing the competitiveness of products in the domestic and foreign markets and strengthening the image of the region. The adoption of effective measures is relevant during the expansion of trade borders with foreign countries, globalization of the economy.