Analysis of decapoda aquaculture development trends in the world

In recent years, the number of decapod crustacean species used in aquaculture has continued to increase, and production volumes are growing rapidly, reaching 12,75 million tonnes in 2022. The seven most popular species (Penaeus vannamei, Procambarus clarkii, Eriocheir sinensis, Penaeus monodon, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Macrobrachium nipponense, Scylla paramamosain) together account for 95% of the world’s total aquaculture production. The specific biology and life cycles of decapod crustacean species determine the possibility of using intensive and extensive farming biotechnologies. At present, thermophilic species have an advantage, for which it is possible to use intensive biotechnologies or a combination of intensive and extensive biotechnologies. The need to use various resources for aquaculture has led to the presence among the most popular species both those for which intensive farming biotechnologies are mainly used, and those for which extensive approaches are used. The possibility of using marine and saltwater reservoirs is an important resource for modern decapod aquaculture. At the same time, freshwater reservoirs and low mineralization reservoirs are widely used, especially in the final stages of cultivation. The most promising species for decapod aquaculture in Russia are those with the highest production rates, which are the most widely used in global aquaculture. At the same time, due to the peculiarities of Russia’s geography and climate, the ability to use a combination of intensive (the use of ultrasound in the early stages of the life cycle) and extensive (the use of ponds for growing to marketable size) approaches to their cultivation is the most imperative condition. In addition, indigenous species of significant commercial importance are an important resource for Russian aquaculture.