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Numerical simulations reveal the impact of varying fluid viscosity on heat transfer in cavities, suggesting key insights for thermal management.
Numerical simulations have been performed of a benchmark problem involving steady-state, laminar, buoyancy induced flow in a square enclosure with differentially heated side walls. The viscosity of the fluid varies strongly with temperature, with specified piece-wise linear variations over different temperature ranges. CFD-ACE, an advanced general purpose CFD code, has been employed for performing the computations. With grid resolutions varying from 51×51 to 151×151, results have been obtained for Rayleigh numbers 104, 105, and 106. Computed profiles are provided of flow and heat transfer quantities including wall shear stresses and Nusselt numbers. Results show that the variations in viscosity become localized to a small region adjacent to the hot wall with increasing Rayleigh number.
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Owens et al. (1995) studied this question.
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