Analysis reveals anisotropic viscoelastic behaviors in biological soft tissues, suggesting improved modeling accuracy.
Many biological soft tissues exhibit time and/or rate dependent behavior. This includes tissues such as ligaments and tendons, annulus fibrosis, articular cartilage and meniscus. Time-dependent behavior can arise from fluid flow in or out of the tissue, or from inherent viscoelasticity of the solid phase. To accurately simulate this behavior in finite element models, a constitutive formulation that can account for the anisotropic, viscoelastic material properties is needed.
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Puso et al. (1995) studied this question.
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