This study was conducted to find out the effect of Bentonite mineral and poultry waste and the addition of some elements on the characteristics of the maize plant. Levels of poultry waste (M 0 , M 1 , and M 2 ) and three chemical elements: magnesium, zinc, and copper (Emg, Ezn, and Ecu) separately, and the effect of these factors on the growth characteristics of maize. The results showed the following: 1. The P 2 addition level of the mineral Bentonite was superior to the rest of the levels in the studied plant characteristics, such as plant height, chlorophyll, dry weight of shoot and root systems, and weight of 1000 grains. 2. The M 2 addition level to poultry waste was superior to the rest of the levels in the studied plant characteristics, such as plant height, chlorophyll, dry weight of the shoot and root system, and the weight of 1000 grains. 3. The binary interactions between the metal and poultry waste, P 2 M 2 and the metal, and the chemical elements, P 2 Ecu, on the one hand, and the interaction between the poultry waste, and the chemical elements, M 2 Ecu, on the other hand, showed significant superiority over the rest of the treatments in collecting the studied plant characteristics. 4. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the treatments as a result of the triple interactions between the experimental factors (Bentonite mineral, poultry waste, and chemical elements) if the P 2 M 2 Ecu treatment outperformed the rest of the treatments in the studied plant traits.
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Alshammari et al. (2024) studied this question.
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