A Novel Dynamic Message Time Synchronization Protocol for Real Time Data Exchange in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have become a vital technology to improve road safety and traffic control.In the context of VANETs, precise time synchronization among vehicles is paramount to enable effective real-time data exchange.This research introduces a novel Dynamic Message Time Synchronization (DMTS) protocol designed to optimize timing message coordination in large-scale VANETs.DMTS employs an intelligent selection mechanism to identify the most suitable time synchronization nodes, significantly reducing the number of transmitted timing messages.To ensure robust synchronization, the protocol periodically readjusts the clock offset of interconnected vehicles, enhancing synchronization accuracy.Leveraging a bidirectional timing message synchronization approach, the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation for clock offset design is derived, assuming a Gaussian noise model.Through comprehensive simulation analyses, the effectiveness of the DMTS protocol is validated, considering key performance metrics such as delay, packet delivery ratio, and throughput.The proposed DMTS protocol achieves 19.58% and 28.12% less delay in comparison with ABTS and STETS protocols.In terms of packet delivery ratio, it achieves 12.55% and 33.70% improvement when compared with ABTS and STETS protocols.Finally, there is an increase in throughput performance of proposed DMTS by 26.71% and 48.10% with its counterpart protocols.These results demonstrate the superiority of DMTS over existing protocols, making it a promising solution for real-time data exchange in VANETs, with implications for improved road safety and traffic efficiency.