Synthesis and evaluation of the surface and thermodynamic properties of nonionic surfactants obtained from vegetable oil waste

Nonionic surfactants were produced from fatty acids in vegetable oil refining waste. By utilizing the fatty acids obtained through the process of refining vegetable oil as starting materials for surfactant synthesis and using PEG (600 and 1500) as co-surfactants provides an environmentally friendly and sustainable method for the production of nonionic surfactants. Research shows the potential of using waste to produce surfactants to contribute to the development of the circular economy. The final nonionic surfactants were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The results showed that synthetic surfactants exhibit good surface properties. Various analytical methods will be employed to assess the surface and thermodynamic characteristics of the synthesized surfactants Analytical techniques like surface tension measurement and surface determination have been utilized to evaluate the properties of the surfactants. The collected data has been analyzed to gain insights into the effectiveness and performance of the surfactants in diverse applications. (eg, emulsification, foaming), making it suitable for a variety of industries and businesses.