The internet's growth and the emergence of new media have enriched our culture and opened new avenues for communication. Various platforms, including TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube, provide immediate access to news and information while allowing people to freely express their opinions. Yet, these technological advancements have also amplified real-world conflicts, leading to the rise of online group extremism. In the world of football, the rivalry between Ronaldo and Messi extends to their fan communities. The behavior and psychology of these football stars reflect Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, influencing their fans. This study examines group extremism through psychological and online communication lenses, aiming to understand the factors driving fans' online behaviors and the implications of their communication. The research addresses the impact of online fan culture, an area that has received limited scholarly attention. Through illustrative examples and percentage-based analysis, we explore the origins of online fan culture, the varied responses within different fan groups, and the consequences of this culture in the online sphere. We also delve into whether fans of Ronaldo and Messi can coexist harmoniously. This research offers insights into online fan culture and its effects on online communication dynamics.
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Tianheng Zhou (2024) studied this question.
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