Modeling Multifocal Atherosclerosis in Rabbits for Gender Influence and Lipid Profile Effects

Background: Circulatory diseases (CD) show a significant health risk globally, particularly in countries like Uzbekistan, where mortality rates from non-infectious diseases, including CD, are alarmingly high. Despite advancements in treatment methods, mortality from CD continues to rise. It emphasizes the need for deeper understanding and effective treatment strategies for multifocal atherosclerosis. Method: A study was conducted using Chinchilla rabbits to simulate multifocal atherosclerosis. The influence of gender and diet on atherosclerosis was studied, along with the impact of blood lipid composition on the coagulation system. Ultrasound examinations of the aorta and its large branches were performed to monitor the dynamics of atherogenesis. Result: The study revealed that a cholesterol-enriched diet led to significant increases in blood lipid parameters, indicating hyperlipidemia. Coagulogram parameters shifted towards hypercoagulation, accompanied by increased platelet count and signs of systemic inflammation. Ultrasound examinations identified early manifestations of atherosclerosis, with male rabbits exhibiting higher lipid profile indicators and inflammatory markers compared to females. Conclusion: The study showed the pronounced effects of a cholesterol-enriched diet on blood lipid parameters and coagulogram parameters in rabbits, particularly in males, highlighting their susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Ultrasound monitoring proved valuable in detecting early signs of atherosclerosis. These findings underscore the importance of developing interventions targeting multifocal atherosclerosis, with rabbit models providing a platform for future drug development and treatment strategies, including potential therapies for atherosclerosis.