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Metamaterial-based designs in ultra-high field (≥7 T) MRI have the promise of increasing the local magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal and potentially even the global efficiency of both the radiofrequency (RF) transmit and receive resonators. A recently proposed metamaterial-like structure—comprised of a high-permittivity dielectric material and a set of evenly distributed copper strips—indeed resulted in a local increase in RF transmission. Here, we demonstrate that non-uniform designs of this metamaterial-like structure can be used to boost the ultimate RF field distribution. A non-uniform dielectric distribution can yield longer electric dipoles, thus extending the RF transmit field coverage. A non-uniform distribution of conducting strips enables the tailoring of the local electric field hot spots, where a concave distribution resulted in lower power deposition. Simulations of the brain and calf regions using our new metamaterial-like design, which combines non-uniform distributions of both the dielectric and conducting strips, revealed a 1.4-fold increase in the RF field coverage compared to the uniform distribution, and a 1.5–2-fold increase in the transmit efficiency compared to the standard surface-coil.
Maurya et al. (Sun,) studied this question.