Endosinus Bone Gain after Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation Without Bone Grafting: A Retrospective Study

Purpose: This retrospective study evaluated the radiographic and clinical outcomes of osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without bone grafts, and analyzed the factors influencing endosinus bone remodeling.Materials and Methods: Radiographic and clinical data from 44 implants in 36 patients were collected after a follow-up period of 6 months to 6.5 years (mean, 2.04 years). Mean residual bone height (RBH) was 5.0 ± 1.3 mm. The length of the implant protruding into the sinus and endosinus bone gain (ESBG) on radiographs were measured.Results: All the 44 implants survived until the final follow-up period. Groups were divided according to an RBH of 5 mm at the time of implant placement, with 22 implants per group. Mean ESBG was 2.40 ± 1.48 mm in an RBH <5 mm group and 2.01 ± 0.87 mm in an RBH ≥5 mm group. Endosinus bone gain was significantly higher in the RBH <5 mm group for up to one year after the implant placement; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups at the final follow-up period.Conclusion: Osteotome sinus floor elevation without bone grafting is a predictable procedure for achieving endosinus bone remodeling when RBH is <5 mm.