Ecological Holistic Approach Strategy to Overcome Conflict Related to Natural Resource Management Involving Indigenous Communities

Constitutionally, based on Article 18 B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, the existence of customary law communities is recognized and their traditional rights are respected, including the right to manage natural resources based on customary institutions. Ecology's holistic approach in environmental law is a response to an increasingly deeper understanding of the complexity of the relationship between humans and the natural environment. One of the central aspects of this approach is the recognition of the important role of indigenous peoples in making decisions relating to their environment. Empowering indigenous communities as an implementation of environmental justice theory is not an easy process. Several challenges faced such as unequal access to information, social injustice, and resistance to change can become obstacles in efforts to achieve inclusive indigenous community participation. Therefore, a sustainable approach is needed and based on collaboration between the government, indigenous communities and the private sector to create an environment where the empowerment of indigenous communities in environmental decision making can be realized effectively.