Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease associated with a flare-up of a leukocytoclastic vasculitis: A rare case report and review of literature

Rationale: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenopathy is an exceedingly rare cause of cervical lymphadenopathy, commonly accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, night sweats, myalgia, skin rash. Patient concerns: In this paper, we report the case of a 22-year-old female patient who experienced a flare-up of leukocytoclastic vasculitis that was complicated by the appearance of a cervical lymph node with dysphagia, fever and nausea. Diagnosis: Infectious and autoimmune workup came back negative. Interventions: Excisional lymph node biopsy was done and the pathology results were consistent with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in keeping with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease. Outcomes: Patient improved on intravenous corticosteroids and was discharged on per os prednisone. Six month follow-up shows complete resolution of her symptoms. Lessons: KFD should be ruled out in patients with autoimmune or inflammatory diseases who develop lymphadenopathies.