The study was aimed at investigating the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad as a governmental alliance. The Islami Jamhoori Ittehad was one of the most significant political coalitions in Pakistan’s history. IJI may have been an alliance formed to prevent the PPP from taking power. Governmental alliance in 1988 includes; these parties MQM and PPP in centre and as well as in Sindh. The PPP and ANP in NWFP in 1988. Furthermore, ANP and IJI in NWFP in 1990 governmental alliance. The IJI, ANP, MQM, and JWP made governmental alliance in 1990 in centre. Pakistan’s 70 years of politics show political instability. It was seen that political alliances were made between organized political parties and weak groups. Even when democratic governance was restored in 1988, there was no single party with the majority to form a government, resulting in crumbled alliance governments. Pakistan’s political environment is characterized by power politics, institutional inequities, and a constant struggle of political factions to achieve power and rule.
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Zafar et al. (2024) studied this question.
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