Formation of one-dimensionally self-aligned Si-QDs and their local electron discharging properties

Self-aligned Si-quantum-dots (Si-QDs) with an areal density as high as ∼10 11 cm −2 have been fabricated on ultrathin SiO 2 by using a ∼4.5 nm thick poly-Si on insulator (SOI) substrate, and controlling low-pressure CVD using monosilane (SiH 4 ), and followed by thermal oxidation. By controlling the thermal oxidation processes of Si-QDs and the poly-Si layer, we have successfully demonstrated the vertical alignment of Si-QDs, where the Si-QDs are also used as a shadow mask of the underlying poly-Si layer. We also demonstrated in-plane alignment of the one-dimensionally self-aligned Si-QDs on line-patterned SiO 2 . In addition, from surface potential measurements by using atomic force microscopy/Kelvin probe force microscopy, we confirmed that the initial surface potential change caused by valence electron extraction from the dots to the tip was stably maintained until ∼120 min, implying the quantum confinement effect at discrete energy levels of the upper and lower-QDs.