As a key infrastructure to support the development of digital economy, the scale of power consumption of data centers has been growing continuously in recent years. The plug-in of a large number of data center to the distribution grid is both an important opportunity and a serious challenge. In order to meet this challenge, data centers participate in the coordinated operation of the grid through demand response, thus promoting the coordinated development. In order to evaluate and analyze the comprehensive benefits of data centers participating in distribution grid demand response, this paper constructs a comprehensive benefit evaluation system for data center demand response that reflects the benefits of multiple agents. An evaluation index system containing 26 indexes is proposed from the technical, economic and environmental perspectives of distribution grid operator, data center operator, electricity consumer and data user, and a gray correlation improved TOPSIS evaluation method based on AHP-CRITIC combined weighting is proposed. Finally, a case study demonstrates that the higher the level of demand response participating in the data center, the better the optimization of collaborative operation.
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Houqi et al. (2024) studied this question.
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