Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the testis in a 17-year-old male

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the testis is an exceptionally rare and highly malignant sarcoma. To date, there are only 23 reported cases in the literature. We report a 17-year-old male patient presented with massive scrotal swelling that had been progressively enlarging over seven-months. Scrotal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT revealed a 10 × 10cm left testicular heterogeneously enhancing mass that extends into the spermatic cord. A left inguinal orchiectomy was performed, and histopathological examinations showed findings consistent with Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonic-type. Primary embryonal testicular rhabdomyosarcoma has poor prognosis, particularly for adolescents, and tumour size greater than 10cm. Early diagnosis and radical orchiectomy improve the prognosis.