[Progress of circulating tumor DNA in the clinical management of colorectal cancer].

Despite the great progress in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), the current standard treatment protocols still have many limitations, and there is an urgent need for more effective biomarkers for personalized patient treatment. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), as a dynamic, non-invasive liquid biopsy approach, overcomes the limitations of tissue biopsy in detecting tumor heterogeneity and molecular evolution. Current evidence from several studies suggests that ctDNA shows great promise in stratifying recurrence risk, guiding treatment decisions, and monitoring early recurrence. In addition, ctDNA can improve the efficiency of clinical research and drug development. However, the lack of standardisation of pre-ctDNA test variables and analysis procedures and the high technical costs limit its promotion and development. In this review, we summarize the available evidence on ctDNA in the clinical management of CRC and present its limitations and strategies for improvement.