Methanolic Extract of Neurocalynx calcinus for Promoting Wound Healing: Characterization by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Wounds are physical injuries caused to living tissues due to discontinuation, disruption of cellular function, anatomical rupture, and functional issues in the concerned parts. Wound healing is an intricate restoration of damaged tissue by anabolic progression due to enhanced cellular function, matrix signaling, and various physiological processes. Still, a satisfactory solution is not viable for complete wound healing. Need of the hour is a wound healing product that is natural and easily available with a reduction in pain and finances, as well as restorations of tissue integration, with a minimum scar and quick healing. Based on ethno-pharmacological studies, Neurocalynx calcinus (Rubiaceae) was chosen for comprehensive research on in-vitro and in-vivo wound healing investigation. This plant is called “Pacha chedi” and is native to the jungles of Kerala and south India. The plant is reported to have antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties, and it also showed significant wound healing, burn healing, and immune-enhancing properties. Several chemicals, such as flavonoids, were discovered in the NCME extract through ultra-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis (UPHPLC-HRMS). Additionally, solutions with various NCME crude concentrations made with this extract were assessed for their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and acute dermal healing processes in a rat excision wound model and safety. The results of histopathology demonstrated the best rate of wound contraction. Compounds like glucoside, kaempferol, and quercetin ellagic acid were identified in NCME and are known as wound healers. The result also showed that NCME extract has good antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. It can probably be the next target for a novel drug from a phytochemical background, and it can play a significant role in accelerating wound healing by supporting traditional use.