Turbulent thermal convection across a stable liquid-liquid interface

In this work, we conducted a systematic experimental study of turbulent two-layer convection in an upright cylinder, as illustrated. From the measured mean temperature and temperature variance profiles, we find a unique twin-boundary-layer structure across the liquid interface with one of the twin boundary layers (BLs) on each side of the interface. The functional form of the measured mean temperature and temperature variance profiles is well described by the equations for a BL attaching to a solid conducting plate, so long as a thermal slip length is introduced to account for the convective heat flux passing through the liquid interface.