Compounds from Agathis dammara exert hypoglycaemic activity by enhancing glucose uptake: lignans, terpenes and others

In this study, two new kaurane diterpenes (1 6 , 17 ), together with 12 lignans ( 1–12 ), a triterpene ( 15 ), and two other compounds ( 13 , 14 ) were isolated from the woods of Agathis dammara . The structure of the new compound was determined by HR ESIMS and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy, and its absolute configuration was determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) exciton chirality method. Compounds 5 , 11 , 14 exhibit significant hypoglycaemic activity in zebrafish, and their mechanism of action is to enhance glucose uptake in zebrafish.