Endonasal Endoscopic Excision of Sinonasal Malignancies: An Overview

Sinonasal malignancies are relatively an uncommon entity and squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest malignancy.Tumor mainly arises from the mucosa of nasal cavity or maxillary sinus.Primary tumor from the frontal and sphenoid sinuses are very rare.Patients often present with advanced disease, as the initial symptoms of tumor, such as nasal block, nasal bleeding, and nasal discharge mimic those of common nasal pathology such as rhinitis/sinusitis.The ideal treatment for sinonasal malignancy is surgery, followed by postoperative radiotherapy.Traditionally, such tumors were treated with open surgical excision or combined craniofacial resection in the case of skull base involvement.Now in the era of minimally invasive surgery, more and more such tumors are diagnosed early and operated on via a transnasal endoscopic approach.This article will serve as a guide for surgeons planning to operate upon such tumors endoscopically.