We show that if n functionally independent commutative quadratic in momenta integrals for the geodesic flow of a Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian metric on an n-dimensional manifold are simultaneously diagonalisable at the tangent space to every point, then they come from the St\"ackel construction, so the metric admits orthogonal separation of variables.
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Agafonov et al. (2024) studied this question.
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