Type I Tympanoplasty With Autocartilaginous Plates

Introduction. Tympanoplasty is the most commonly performed operation in otosurgery. Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of the results of type 1 tympanoplasty with thin plates of auricle autocartilage and type 1 tympanoplasty with an temporal fascia autograft. Materials and methods. In the study group, 30 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty using thin plates of auricle autocartilage; in the control group, 30 patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty using temporal autofascia. The follow-up examinations 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery; anatomical and functional results were assessed and an audiological examination was carried out. Results. In 12 months after surgery, complete graft engraftment was observed in 93% of the study group, in 90% in the control group, no statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups (p>0.5). In the control group, unlike the study group, the formation of a retraction pocket and retraction of the neotympanic membrane was noted in 4 cases (13.6%), in 2 cases (6%) there was lateralization of the neotympanic membrane with the formation of cicatricial atresia of the meatotympanic angle. According to audiometry data, the bone-air interval in the study group was 33.5±5.6 dB before the surgery and15.1±5.2 dB after surgery; in the control group it was 30.5±4.3 dB before surgery and 17.2±3.6 dB (p>0.05) after the surgery, which shows no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion. According to the study results, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of residual eardrum perforations and the results of hearing tests after surgery. Moreover, there were cases of the formation of retraction pockets and lateralization of the neotympanic membrane with the formation of cicatricial atresia of the meatotympanic angle in the study group compared to the control group.