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Underlying mechanisms linking sleep to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are unclear, though they may be partially explained by movement behavior (e.g., sedentary time, moderate-vigorous physical activity MVPA). However, large-scale studies among racial/ethnic minorities are scant, which is important to address, given existing racial/ethnic disparities in CVD risk. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data was used to address these gaps. Adults 20-80 years from NHANES 2011-2018 were included in this cross-sectional study. After excluding those < 20 years, those with depression, and those with missing data on sleep duration, sedentary time or MVPA, or putative confounders, 13,024 participants were included in the analysis. Sleep duration (hr./night), sedentary time (hr./day), and MVPA (hr./day) were self-reported, with sedentary time and MVPA obtained from the validated Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the association between sleep duration and sedentary time, adjusted for MVPA, age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, smoking history, education, and poverty income ratio. Additionally, we examined if associations between sleep duration and sedentary time varied by MVPA. Finally, we used stratification to assess whether the association between sleep duration and sedentary time varied by race/ethnicity. Median (Q1, Q3) age was 45.2 (31.1, 58.9) years and 52.3% of the sample were male. Median (Q1, Q3) sleep duration, sedentary time, and MVPA were 7.0 (6.1, 7.8) hr./night, 5.6 (3.8, 7.8) hr./day, and 2.9 (1.0, 6.1) hr./day), respectively. In the full sample, sleep duration was inversely associated with sedentary time (β = -5.5 min 95% CI: -9.3, -1.8 p = .0047), with each additional hr. of sleep duration associated with a 5.5-min decrease in sedentary time. MVPA did not change the association between sleep duration and sedentary time. After stratifying by race/ethnicity, differences in the sleep duration-sedentary time association were observed. Among multi-racial participants, every 1-hr. increase in sleep duration was associated with a 21.0-min. decrease in sedentary time (β = -21.0 min. 95% CI: -35.6, -6.5 p = .0053), a similar pattern was observed among Non-Hispanic (NH)-Asian participants (β = -12.6 min. 95% CI: -21.1, -4.0 p = .0047) and participants that identified as Mexican American or other Hispanic (β = -6.8 min. 95% CI: -11.2, -2.4 p = .0029). Associations between sleep and sedentary behavior may differ according to race/ethnicity. Findings indicate that researchers designing physical activity and sedentary behavior reduction interventions for racial/ethnic minorities should consider how sleep health may be affected. However, prospective studies with repeated measures are needed to confirm the temporality of these associations.
Zamora et al. (Tue,) studied this question.