Feasibility study reveals fingerprint carbamazepine levels distinguish adherence in epilepsy patients, indicating potential for noninvasive monitoring.
Background: Fingerprint drug concentrations can be used as a noninvasive and convenient alternative to evaluate adherence to pharmacotherapy. Methods: Fingerprints were applied over glass slides, extracted and analyzed by ultra-high performance LC–MS/MS. The assay and drug adherence questionnaires were applied to 30 epilepsy patients. Results: The assay had linearity in the range 0.05–10 ng fingerprint-1, with precision of 2.16–7.9% and accuracy of 95.0–102.8%. Carbamazepine (CBZ) levels in fingerprints were stable at 45°C for 15 days. Concentrations in patient samples were 0.06–9.28 ng fingerprint-1. A significant difference (p = 0.003) was found between CBZ concentrations in fingerprints between patient groups divided as low and medium/high adherence. Conclusion: This method can potentially be applied to the identification of epilepsy patients with low adherence to CBZ pharmacotherapy.
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Müller et al. (2024) studied this question.
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