Distributed optical fiber fusion sensing system based on dual light source and pulse precision delay technology

This paper proposes a Brillouin and Rayleigh fusion system for multi-parameter monitoring of power OPGW cables. Temperature, strain, and vibration measurements are important indicators for safe cable operation of OPGW cables. Temperature monitoring helps detect ice-coating, mountain fire, and lightning. Strain measures cable stress, fiber core safety, ice-coating, and fatigue damage caused by wind-induced vibrations. Vibration monitoring is useful for ice covering and wind vibration. The proposed system overcomes limitations such as nonlinear effects and limited sensing distance. By using a fixed delay of 500ns, mutual position calibration of temperature/strain and vibration measurements is achieved. The system uses a two-wavelength distributed optical fiber fusion scheme with dual light sources, ensuring no interference or degradation due to index conflicts.