2.5-Month Effects of a High-Intensity Low-Carbohydrate Intervention on Glycemic and Lipid Profile: A Type-2 Diabetes Near-to-Remission Case Study of a 65-Year-Old Indian Woman With Recent Bilateral Knee Replacement Surgery.

This case study presents the effects of approximately 2.5 months of low-carbohydrate dietary intervention in a 65-year-old woman who had chronic type-2 diabetes for approximately 4 years and had recently undergone bilateral knee replacement surgery. The intervention's primary aim was to tackle the markers of insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Results have demonstrated noticeable improvements in numerous important health indicators. The glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels have decreased from 7.10% to 6%. Body weight has reduced from 78 kg to 71.5 kg, and Body Mass Index (BMI) has reduced from 30.46 to 27.92 kg/m2—these changes have occurred without employing calorie-deficit and exercises or increased physical activity, implying low-carbohydrate intervention's potential in reducing weight. The lipid profile has improved—the Triglycerides (TG) to High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, a well-established predictor of cardiovascular disease, has reduced from 4.23 to 2.65. Collectively, the results indicate low-carbohydrate intervention's significance in managing and potentially reversing the markers of insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Additionally, a positive change in eating behaviour and habits has been observed—likely because of age-friendly communication, involving family members in the consultations, encouraging positive dietary changes in the overall family members, providing various recipes, tailoring a personalised diet chart, providing guidelines to navigate through social and festive situations, and regularly repeated consultations. Although this is an approximately 2.5-month single-person case study and thus has its inherent limitations for generalisation, its results corroborate with the growing body of strong empirical evidence, suggesting the usefulness of low-carbohydrate intervention in type-2 diabetes and insulin resistance management. Furthermore, the results of this case study underline the importance of personalised dietary intervention and comprehensive support for adhering to it. This case study adds to the current knowledge pertaining to dietary interventions by highlighting the conceivable benefits and evident relevance of a tailored low-carbohydrate dietary intervention in improving metabolic health markers and addressing insulin resistance in an older adult with chronic type-2 diabetes. In order to validate the results of this approximately 2.5-month single-person case study and to explore the broader benefits and applicability of low-carbohydrate interventions in older adults with chronic type-2 diabetes, further research with multiple participants (larger group) is needed with long-term intervention.