Chitosan-doped gold nanoparticles with potent and selective activity against diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health challenge, with rising prevalence and associated complications. Despite available treatments, the search for safer and more effective options continues. This study investigates the potential of chitosan-doped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs-chito) as a novel therapeutic approach for DM. Chitosan shows promise as a flexible biomolecule for the management of several pathophysiological problems linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) because of its dual roles as an antidiabetic agent and medication carrier Methods: Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with AuNPs-chito, and various biochemical and histopathological parameters were assessed. Results: Our data indicate that AuNPs-Chito administration led to significant improvements in blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, oxidative stress markers, and liver function compared to untreated diabetic rats. Histopathological examination revealed restoration of hepatic architecture in AuNPs-chito-treated rats. Conclusion: These findings suggest that AuNPs-chito may offer a promising strategy for managing DM by mitigating oxidative stress and improving metabolic parameters.