Soft Hand Exoskeletons for Rehabilitation: Approaches to Design, Manufacturing Methods, and Future Prospects

Stroke, the third leading cause of global disability, poses significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. Addressing the restoration of impaired hand functions is crucial, especially amid healthcare workforce shortages. While robotic-assisted therapy shows promise, cost and healthcare community concerns hinder the adoption of hand exoskeletons. However, recent advancements in soft robotics and digital fabrication, particularly 3D printing, have sparked renewed interest in this area. This review article offers a thorough exploration of the current landscape of soft hand exoskeletons, emphasizing recent advancements and alternative designs. It surveys previous reviews in the field and examines relevant aspects of hand anatomy pertinent to wearable rehabilitation devices. Furthermore, the article investigates the design requirements for soft hand exoskeletons and provides a detailed review of various soft exoskeleton gloves, categorized based on their design principles. The discussion encompasses simulation-supported methods, affordability considerations, and future research directions. This review aims to benefit researchers, clinicians, and stakeholders by disseminating the latest advances in soft hand exoskeleton technology, ultimately enhancing stroke rehabilitation outcomes and patient care.