Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Aqueous Leaf Extract of Commiphora caudata And Their Antibacterial Activity against Human Pathogens

The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Commiphora caudata has gained significant attention in recent years due to its eco-friendly and cost-effective approach.This study explores the green synthesis of AgNPs utilizing Commiphora caudata leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent.Characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were employed to confirm the formation and structural properties of AgNPs.The synthesized AgNPs exhibited distinct absorption peaks in the UV-visible spectrum, indicating their nanoscale dimensions.FTIR analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds in the leaf extract responsible for the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs.XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of AgNPs.TEM images displayed spherical and polydispersed AgNPs with an average size of approximately 20-30 nm.Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of these AgNPs was assessed against a panel of human pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones observed in agar diffusion assays.Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined to quantify their effectiveness against the tested pathogens.In conclusion, the biosynthesis of AgNPs using Commiphora caudata leaf extract offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for the production of nanomaterials with potential applications in medicine and biotechnology.The demonstrated antibacterial activity suggests the utility of these AgNPs in combating human pathogens, paving the way for further research in the development of novel antimicrobial agents.