Thin film encapsulation for perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant attention as a promising photovoltaic technology due to their excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) and cost-effective fabrication methods. However, ensuring long-term stability and addressing environmental concerns are vital challenges for successful commercialization. In this study, we explore metal oxide-based thin film encapsulation methods to enhance the performance and durability of PSCs. We considered back surface modification for flexible PSCs, as well as top surface encapsulation applicable to both rigid and flexible devices. Our results reveal increased operational stability and device performance, effectively addressing critical challenges in PSC commercialization.